Carbureter.



A. C. STEWART.

GARBURETER. APPLXOATION HLBD APB. 2v, 190s.

Patented June 18, 1912.

2 BHEBTS-SHEBTL A. o. STEWART'.

GARBURETER. PPLIOATION FILED APR.zv,1gzos.

Patented June 18, 1912,.

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@Tte PATENT i FFME.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters 12a-tent.

Patented June 18, 19312.

Application filed April 27, 190,8, Serial No. 429,563.

To all whom zr may concern:

Be it kno-wn that I, ALFRED C. S'reuuin'r,

' i citizen of the United States, residing at nos Angeles, in the countyof Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and `IusefulC arbureter, of which `the following is a specification.

yThis invention relates to carbureters for 'use ivith internalcombustion engines, and its main object 1s to provide a carbureter 1n.which the richness or proportion .of fuel to 1 air in the mixture, is`increased ratherthan diminished when the throttle is nearly or quiteclosedso as to barely keep the engine ...running- A further object ofthe invention is to provide for lushing the carbureter in Starting.

, Another .object of the invention is to avoid the presence of anyobstacles in the `path of .the mixture which would interfere.

with or deteriorate-the mixture by baffling l luireter'. in Fig. 1. Fig.3 1s a section on line ac3-m3 the current and .condensing the gasolene.

Another object .of the invention is to pro vide foruniform distributionof mixture in `:manifolding to .a number of cylinders, for -,eXa1nple,in a six-cylinder engine.

The accompanying drawings illustrate `my intention.

Figure 1 is a Vertical section of the carli`ig.'2 is a section on line M-052 chamber 2 in its lower portion, an air inlety chamber 3 above theoil chamber, and a suction chamber llv above lthe air inlet i chamber.

An oil supply tube 5 communicates into the bottom vof oil chamber 2,through a valve 6, which is closed .by a spring 7 and Aautomaticallyopened by-'aT Vtioat in the oil chamber, said float having a dependingperfor-ate tube 9 engaging a stem 10 in the valve 6, to open the lvalvewhen the oil in the chamber v2 falls below a definite level, theoilbeing thus maintained at such `defi-` nite' level.

Air inlet chamber 3 communicates with the outer air thro-ugh a passage11, controlled by the throttle 12. A valve 13 of frusto conical formrests against and cooperates with the lower part of the upwardly flaringwall portion 14, of the suction chamber, to form an air inlet opening,this valve being exposed to the suction of the suction chamber at itstop, so 'as to be lifted in proportion to the amount of suction from theengine. Valye`13 is guided by its stem 15 working in a guide tube 16which perforated at '17 to allow oil to pass in and out, the tubeserving' as a -dash pot. An annular channel 18 is provided in the tubearound the stem l5, this channel communicating through opening 19 withthe upper part of chamber 2,

.which through an opening 20, communicates with the outer air. Therecan, therefore1 be no sucking of gasolene up through the space betweenthe stem 'and the tube, this air communication preventing any conditionof suction in the channel 18, so that the stem may work loosely and withslight friction in its guide tube, Without leakage of gaso-Y lene intothe air inlet chamber 3.

A cup pocket or chamber 22, open at its top to the outer air, is formedin the Wall of chamber 2, and this cup communicates with the oil chamberthrough an opening` 23, in the bottom of the pocket, such com@munication being controlled by a valve 24, preferably conical. carriedby a stem 25, which is connected by a pivot to a lever 2G, pivoted to alink 28 Whici is pivoted to a bracket in a lat-eral extension 29 of theair haniber. The free end of lever 26, engages in a notch 31 in the stem15 of the air supply valve 13., The pivotal connection of stem 25 tolever 26 is preferably adjustable in a slot 33 in lever 26, being set byclamp nuts 34 at any desired position to vary the Stroke of the valve,and stem 25 is adjustable by a turn-buckle 35 to properly determine itsclosure when the main or air valve is closed. A pipe or connection 36extends from the cup 22 to some point in the connection between thecarbureter and the engine; for example, to a header 38 which serves as amanifeldbetueen the outlet pipe 39 of the carbureterand the lrespectivecyl inders Ll() of the engine, the pipev 36 being divided or manifoldedin branches 36 leading into the header 38 at outlets 44 adja- ,cent tothe intake of the respective cylinders.V The piping 3G. 3o is otrelatively small diameter compared to the header 38 and it terminates ina bulb or enlargement `l'l havingl a contracted outlet 4Q so that theissuing fluid is atomized by the sudden expansion and by the Change ofvelocity.

The operation is as tollows:--'l`he suetion rrom the engine lifts thevalve ll, the throttle being open.` and air is drawn past the valve andpast the oil outlet and there is also a. Condition of suction throughpipe 3G. Btl, drawing' air from the cup or pocket 2Q to the intake otthe engine. it the same time the litt of valve l'l. operatesl throughconnections 9o. Q5. to open valve 2l, and allows oil to ilow tromeliamber l to eup 22. the proportions ot' the inlet opening 23. and the.suetion connection 3G being` sueh that the amount ot oil thus llowing`is always less than the Capacity ot the sues tion through pipe 36 andthe pipe t opening into eup QQ at a. pointbelor.' the point; oi.communication with the outer air. that is, below the mouth ot said oupso that all the oil passing into poelzetl sucked alongr with the currentot air through pipes t. ft to the header 38, and issuing `violentl \Tagainst the air in the header is atoinized and converted into vaporforming a mixture with the air. There. beingno throttle valve or otherobstruetion in the path ot' the .t 'X- Iture between the plaee olformation and the engine. all trouble due to deposition with subsequentevaporation and chilling is avoided. When 'the engine is at rest. the

cup or pocket QQ is partly full. namelyr to the level of theloil intheoil chamber l, the valve 'not being so tight as to prevent thispartial filling'. The mouth ot' 'pipe 36 is below this level so thatwhen the engine is started` the first eti'eet is to draw all thisaeoulnulated oil through pipo 3G into the sir suppl)Y inthe header`givinT a 'flushed or extra rioh mixture which is desirable in startinf.wilVl'ien the throttle aty air inlet is partlyY Closed while the engineIrunning there is a condition ot suetion in the upper part o't theearhnreter` that is, in the suction Chamber 4 and in the headerConnected thereto. and this tends to draw more air and oil from cup QQand to lower the pressure .in said oup as compared with the Conditionwith full open throttle so that for a given opening of valve more oilwill tlow with the throttle partl)v closed than with the throttle t'ullvopen. t the same time air valve 13 is allowed to olose somewhat on ae-Count of deerease in the ditlerenee ot pres` sure on its lower and uppertaees.y and the valve Q4 will eorrespondingl)r close. The net, resultthat a. smo ler amount ol' air will pass to the entrino. but tl'iis airwill be Charged with a reiatielj; 'li'irgjer amount ot' u aeeount oitthe increased suction pipe f-t. as abo-ie stated, so that al richermixture supplied. This is desirable for the reason that when the supplyof air is so diminished, enough oilinust be supplied to insureexplosiveness ot thev mixture in spite of' the dilutii'igv effect ot thefuel `ases in the clearance. y

'ln the torni ofthe invention shown in Figs. 5 to 7, the easing 51 isformed 'with superimposed oil. air inlet and suction chambers 52. 54 andfuel is supplied to the oil Vehamber through a pipe 55, Whose outlet iscontrolled by a valve 56 carried b v a lever :'17, operated by' a iloat58 in the oil chamber to maintaimgi definite level of oil therein. Valvetitl is in a chamber f2 opening' laterally tro'in oil chamber' `ialvemember 55). whose eonieal tace eorresponds with and rests on theupwardhT haring wall ot the sut-tion chamber has a stem 60 working'freely ina guide tube 6l, the stem liaringur an extension 62 passinglobsely through an opening G3 in the bottom of the tube Gl. so as toallow restricted passage of oil, thetanbe serving a dash pot. Said steinis tornied with an interior chamber tial. corninunieat'ing through :1bore 65 in the exten'- siou G2, and an adjustable needle valve G6screwing through the bottom .ot oil chamber 52 has a. loose needle 75which projects into this bore to control Flow oli oil therethrough.interior chamber 64 also Comuninirates through an opening` GT with aChannel (3S inthe wall oftube 6l. said ehannel surrounding' the valvestein GO and eomniunieatingr through opening G9 with the upper part ot"oil Chamber 527 which is open lo eomn'iunieation with the outer air byau opening; 70. A tube 7l screws into a screw threaded bore. ot thevalve member 59. and extends down into inner chamber til. the upper endof said tube having;- a bulb 73 and eonstrieted opening' T4 toratomization ot the oil. B v turningv tube 7l the distance ot its lowerend from the bottom ot chamber 6.1.- uia v be adiustetl. resty the oilwill be at the same. height in the interior 'chamber tial: as in the oilChamber, and will extend above the bottom of tube 7l, and when. theIengine starts the fluid will be sucked up through tube 7l until thelevel 'falls to the bottom of said tube, thus flush imgT the earbureterto temporarily enrich the. mixture. ln normal operation, the suo- 2 n issntheient to break any liquid seal that. may form at the bottom of tube7l. and to lieep the oil level at the bottom of said tube, and theamount ot' oil supplied is determined bv the head or ditierence in levelbetween the bbttom ot tube Hand the oil in chamber :32.

and enoug'liair will pass'in through. ope' ings TO, tlf), Gi." 'to passup with the oil through tube 7'1. to reduce the oil supplyto the properamount tor steady rin'nliine, tor example at maximum output or Capaeitj,

this being determined by the size of opening i nasser 67. The channel 68has the same function as above explained for channel 18. As the valvemember 59 rises, it varies the height of tube 71 and thus diminishes thefeeding headE but this may be compensated by prop erly shaping` thevalve G6.

Throttle 75 controls admission of air to air inlet chamber 53 and by itsclosure regu lates the suction and air oil feed as above described forthe form shown in l to 4.

l-Vhat l claim is:-

l. A carbureter comprisii'ig an oil chainber, means for maintaining adefinite level ot oil therein, an oil cup communicating' with the cuterair and havingr means ot communication with said oil chamber. said meansot communication being' below said deiinite level et oil, an oil controlvalve cont-rollingF eoniimunication between the oil chamber and the cup,an air inlet chamber7 a throttle controlling yadmission ot outer air tosaid air inlet chamber7 outlet means for connecting the air inletchamber to suction applying means, and a. communication from said outletmeans to said cup at a part of the cup below the point of communicationwith the outer air whereby the suction Yfrom the outlet means sucks oiltogether 'with air from said cup.

2. :l carbureter comprising an oil chainber, means for maintaining adefinite level of oil therein, an oil cup communicating with the outerair and having means oit .cominunication with said oil chamber, saidmeans of communication being below said definite level ot oil. an oilcontrol valve cont-rollingI communication.between the oil chamber andthe cupv1 an air inlet chamber,a throttle controlling admission of outerair to'said air inlet chamber, outlet means for connecting the air inletchamber to suction applying' means, and air control valve between theinlet and the outlet means. and operated by the suction at the outlet.ysaid valves being connected to operate in correspondence, and acommunication from said outlet means to said cup at a part of the cupbelow the point ot communication with the tion to suction applyingmeans. an aircon trolled valve between the air inlet and out let meansand operated by the diilference of pressure between said air inletchamber and the outlet means to operate the valve a connection betweenthe 'said valves to means establishing communication trom the cup to theoutlet means consisting ot a pipe having its inlet end extending intosaid cup to draw oil together with air from said cup, said pipeterminating in an enlargement with constricting openina into the outletmeans.'

4. A carbureter comprising an oil chamber, a. cup exposed to outer airpressure, an oil controlling valve controlling communication between theoil chamber and the cup, an air inlet chamber, a throttle controllingadmission of outer air to said air inlet chamber, outlet means forconnecting the air inlet chamber `to suction applyingr means. and ameans for communication from said cup to said outlet means consisting ofa pipe having its inlet end extending into said cup to draw oil togetherwith air from said cup, said pipe terminating in an enlarge ment with aconstricting opening into the outlet means.

5. A carburetor for a multiple cylinder engine, comprisingr oil (supplymeans. an oil cup exposed to outer air pressure, a valve controllingadmission ot oil 'from the oil supply means to thdicup, an air inletchamber, a throttle controlling admission of air thereto, outlet meansfor said air inlet chamber provided with a "plurality ot' out-lets forcommunication with the respective cylinders, and oil communicating meansextending into the oil cup to draw oil therefrom, and communicating withthe respective out.- let means at a plu ality of points adjacentto therespective outlets thereof.

6. A carbureter comprisingoil Asupply means, an oil cup exposed to outerair pressure, a valve controlling communication from the oil supplymeans to said cup, an air chamber, a throttle controlling admission ofthe air thereto` outlet means provided with plurality of outlets adaptedfor connection to separate suction supply meansJ an air controllingvalve operated by a ditference in pressure between the air chamber andthe outlet means to control passage ot air therebetween, a connection tooperate the oil controlling valve in correspondence with the aircontrolling` valve, and oil communicatingmeans extending into the oilcup to draw oil therefrom, and leading into the outlet means at aplurality of points in,

proximity to the respective outlets thereof.

7. A carburetor comprising a chamber vpen to atmospheric pressure, anoil chamber provided with means for maintaining,- a definite level otoil therein and provided with means ot oonnnunication to said openchamber below said delinite level to allow oil to oiv'lrom said chamberto said open chamber` outlet means provided with means of connection toand communication with suctionapplying means, au air vinlet having meansof eomn'iunieation with said outlet means, eomnumieating means lleadingfrom the open ellamber to said outlet means and vonsisting of a pipeharing its inlet end extending into said open chamber whereby thesuction from said outlet means draws the oil from. said open chamberwhich is supplied thereto from said oil chamber, a valve controlling thecommunication between the air inlet and` the outlet means responsivelyto the condition oi suction in the outletmeans. and a manually operatedvulve for the air inlet means.

S. A earbureter comprising a easing'provided with -an airinlet and withan outlet, an air controlling valve niovably' mounted in said easing; toetmtrol conn'ininieation be tneen 'the ,inlet and outlet, oil supplymeans, an oil controlling falve means connected to the aforesaid airControlling` valve and con trolling eonnnunication from the oil suppli1means` lo the aforesaid outlet7 said oil con trollingl valve means beingoperated in enrrespondenre with the air controlling valve to restrictthe supply of oil as the supply of air is restricted, but to continue toadmit oil in restricted quantity after the Supply ot air is eut oli',and a Chamber interposed in the eonnnuniealion between (he said oileontrolling valve means and the outlet to receive a reserve supply oloil when the engine is startine.

S). In a Carburetor, a easingprorided with an air inlet. and a mixtureoutlet, a mixing chamber between said air inlety and mixture l outlet,an air Controlling valve mount-ed to move in the casing to controleomnninieation betweenA said inletl and mixing chamber, oil supplymeans, valve means controlling the oil supply to the mixing Chamber,vmeans Connected to said air Cont-rollingl valve and stopped and tofurnish such oil to the mixy ing` chamber when the engine is starting.

10. A earliureter eoniprising an air inlet means, and a mixture outletmeans7 an air Valve controlling communica tion of air from said inlet tosaid outlet means, oil supply means7 an oil accumulating chamber, incontinual communication with said oil supply means and with said outletmeans, an oil valve for restricting the suppl)v oi,l oil from said oilsupply means te said oil accumulating chamber, and means for operatingSaid oil valve and. said aira'alve in correspondentre to restrict thesupply of oil as the sup- -ply of air is restricted.

.in testimon)v whereof, l have hereunto `set my hand at Los Angeles.California., this In presence oi- A ARTI-inn P. limer-1jr, FRANK, L. A.G-nrfiirmi.

